I don’t know if it’s an oversight, but in my current research I cannot find a way in iPadOS to center text in the Notes app. The keyboard command that works in MacOS doesn’t work. Not from the Keyboard case and not from a connected Apple Keyboard. One suggestion I found online was to use a table. Alternately, I can copy centered text from another note in a specific way to capture the formatting in iPad Notes.

I really like what Notes can do so far, but there are still things that can get better. At the same time I’m looking at other options that might not have the same concerns, but would require a good amount of re-work.